Editorial: Le Monde

• The key causes of the inferior performances of the French school system in international comparisons are mainly the flaws in teacher training.
• Most French teachers assert they were not adequately prepared for their profession.
• Training is a major part of the 'master effect', the personal ability of teachers to help their students succeed, particularly in counteracting social inequalities.
• The teacher training system in France has been modified a number of times, which has caused confusion and disputes over whether subject knowledge or pedagogical techniques should be prioritized.
• There was a change in the teachers' recruitment level, which led to a drop in the number of candidates and a shortage of teachers.
• The reform of teacher training aims to clearly identify a path in higher education towards teaching, something that currently does not exist.
• The reform aims to attract more students to become teachers, particularly from middle and lower classes, by anticipating recruitment and paying teacher apprentices from their fourth year of higher studies.

Conclusion: This reform is necessary and urgent to improve education in France. However, it is only one of the many variables that need to be modified to enhance the country's educational system.

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